In the very literal sense, they manage projects that require many interrelated parts working together. Common areas where project managers are used include web design/software design, construction. The project manager is one who creates timelines for each person/role and coordinates hand-offs between, communicates with client, helps gather resources.
Say you’ve hired a company to build a website for your company widgets.com. The company you hire needs to have a UX designer wireframe the functionality, have a graphic design make it look pretty, have a front end coder make it interactive, and a back end coder needs to tie it into your inventory system, order systems, payments, etc., have quality control testing done, and so on.
The project manager is the one who figures out how long each step takes, communicates with you when feedback is needed (here are 3 designs, what are your thoughts?), requests logos and text from you, makes sure the front end coder understands how site should function, make sure back end programmer is building out the systems necessary to tie into front end, help toubleshoot when there are issues/delays, adjust timeline and communcate that to client and internal team, document testing and communicate issues back to relevant part of team.
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