Proteins are what make up the structure of your body; each protein you consume is made up amino acids, and your body will break down the proteins into their amino acid bases and then your DNA will put them back together in some useful order. It can be helpful to think of it like lego bricks, you can only disassemble down to a single piece, but you can then use that single piece to make whatever you want that needs that piece – and there aren’t actually that many pieces.
Your DNA is essentially a instruction book for those protein structures; it uses amino acids to build up protein machines, and those machines then do everything from managing cell wall interfaces to making up hormones that signal other cells to do things (like your stomach makes hormones that tell your brain that it’s time to eat food, which you feel as “hunger”)
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