There is a cupple of types of radiation, but they are all smal particles with extrme speed aka energy. There is alpha, betta and gamma decay and they produce helium ions, electeons or photons.
Cancer is if a stemm cell in your body has a mutation that causes it to grow uncontrollable.
So a radiation particle can hit a cell in your body and damage the DNA in it. If you are realy realy unlucky that damage makes the cell multiply forever, thats cancer.
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