A semiconductor is a material which you can adjust how good it is at conducting electricity by the amount of specific impurities you add. Beyond just this, there are two basic types of how they conduct which is determined by which impurities you add. When you put pieces of the two different types of conducting semiconductors together, you can make all kinds of interesting devices and circuits. Furthermore, if you don’t have the impurities, some semiconductors can be completely insulating – they won’t conduct well at all.
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