Simplest answer that doesn’t seem to have be explicitly said yet… you have a physical body, it’s only going to be possible to detect waves that interact with physical matter. Further long wave than infrared and the light becomes harder to focus with any lens the eye might have, rather is increasingly absorbed at heat. Further short wave than ultra violet and you get into low energy X ray territory, which will pass through most matter.
So since life is made of matter, any ‘eye’ you might have would have to make use of electromagnetic waves that most strongly interact with matter. Which is pretty much the visible spectrum range. (A little further either side is possible but natural selection has not found it to add much to survival)
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