Vsauce had a great example on this about WWII planes. Scientists studied plane that came back and noticed they were hit in the wings and tail. They put more armor there but the same number of planes returned because they had survivorship bias. They were only looking at planes that returned, so the e wings and tail were the places in the ship that could get hit but wouldn’t crash the plane. So they put armor everywhere but the wings and tail and as a result more planes came home. Pretty cool part of history I think
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