I feel like what causes confusion for people is that many of these devices are two-in-one or three-in-one devices. A modem simply converts your cable, fiber, etc. connection into an ethernet connection and vice versa. A router is what “routes” your data from your computer to the internet. The other common network device is a switch which basically allows you to connect more than one device on your home network. While you can buy all of these devices separately, I normally see three-in-one devices being collectively called “the router”. The other common set up I see is a separate modem and a router with a built-in switch.
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