AM radio is amplitude modulated
Meaning at the frequency, the singal is transmitted by different size waves. The radio can play those different sized waves as sound.
FM radio is frequency modulated
At that frequency, the signal is transmitted by pulses of waves. The radio can play those different length pulses as sound.
AM transmitters and receivers are cheaper and easier to build, and can travel much further distances, which is why AM is used for emergency communication.
FM transmitters and receivers are a bit more complicated, and can’t travel as far, but the sound quality is much better, which makes it better for music.
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