Percentile is a way of comparing people to others in a group. If you are in the 80th percentile for whatever it is you are measuring, 20% of the group was above you and 80% below you.
It’s often used for child development, both in terms of physical size (comparing your height/weight to other kids of the same age) and education (comparing test scores to those of others who took the test).
It’s useful when an absolute value is not as informative. Knowing Timmy is 4′ 11″ at 10 years old doesn’t mean much unless you know the average height is closer to 4′ 6″. And a 60% can be a good grade if more than half of test-takers got only a 45%.
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