It’s basically that you can encode all the information of a higher dimensional space into a boundary in a lower dimensional space. Like you could set up a hypothetical where the surface of a black hole has every single bit of information of a whole galaxy that fell into the black hole just on the 2D surface. Then if that is possible then you can never know if a dimension is “real” or just an apparent thing happening from interactions on a surface. String theory predicts large numbers of dimensions. But holographic principle says some or all of them could really just be complicated interactions in lower dimensions. Like we could seem to be in a 9 dimensional universe but really be in an 8 dimensional one with one being just a thing that plays out on a surface of an 8 dimensional “black hole”
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