A ground wire provides a safe path for electricity in the event of a short circuit.
Imagine you have a refrigerator that has a worn out wire that has a hole in it, so the live wire touches the body of the fridge.
If it wasn’t grounded this would just charge the body of the 120 volts and could shock you badly if you touched the door of the fridge. But if the body of the fridge is grounded, the short will instead drain away to ground, making it safe to touch the body of the fridge.
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