What is the philosophical argument that explains in principle why owning significant amounts of wealth when others are in poverty is considered unjust?

Question

I’m not looking for the obvious moral explanation, but the philosophical basis behind that line of thinking. Thanks!

In: 2

Answer 1

Maximizing utility, which can basically be thought of as overall happiness. If that extra $20 gets Person A an extra tablespoon of caviar that he’s not going to enjoy that much anyway, but without it Person B doesn’t have gas money to visit his new grandchild, then there’s more overall happiness between them when Person B has the $20.