Cores are mostly physical ideas. It’s a separate module on your chip that can do independent computations.
Threads are mostly logical ideas. It’s loosely a way for computers to organize streams of work. You must have at least one thread per core (meaning multiple cores can’t simultaneously work on the same thread).
A simple analogy is, cores is the number of human workers. Each worker can act independently. And threads are workstreams – eg phone reception can be a work stream, watching the front door can be a work stream, greeting a customer can be a work stream. Each worker can multitask but can only focus on one task at any given time.
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