The spin indirectly tells you how the electron interact with the magnetic field, and that’s how we measure spin anyway.
Abstractly, spin of a electron is a quantity that belong to the electron itself considered as an independent system. If “we” (the observer) stay in the electron’s rest frame and rotate, spin changes in such a way that the result is only dependent on 2 things: the orientation we look at the electron at the end, and whether we get there by doing short or long rotations.
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