Monarch is a person whom most acknowledge as the supreme authority in the country. Obviously, more modern states have their monarchs become more symbolic figures, but generally speaking, the king has all other figures of authority pledge fealty to them.
In traditional feudal terms, the king would have ownership of all the lands, and would distribute that land to his vassals in return for their fealty and support in war.
It depends on the country laws, but normally queens and kings have more rights than a normal citizen.
I would put the Spanish monarchy as an example: in the Spanish Constitution the king is above the law, he can’t be prosecuted by any means.
When the former king renounced, he couldn’t be prosecuted for what he did as a king BUT he was prosecuted for the things he did after.
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