If you have two parallel lines (e.g. the markings on a multi-lane road, or railway tracks) then they appear to converge on an imaginary point in the distance. This is called the “vanishing point”. As for foreshortening, again, if you’re looking along the railway tracks, the sleepers will appear to be closer together as they head into the distance–this is foreshortening, where objects appear closer together as you view them from different angles.
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