The first thing to note is that all of these are marketing terms and not the name of any underlying technology or standard. The web still fundamentally runs on protocols like TCP/IP, HTTP 1/2/3, TLS etc.
While the web traditionally used to primarily be a content delivery mechanism, the term Web 2.0 was coined when a lot of more interactive websites started coming about which focused on user-driven content creation (think social media, blogs, wikis).
The problem with coming up with a single definition of Web3 is that everyone has their own idea of what it should mean. It generally refers to anything related to blockchain and decentralization. So cryptocurrencies, decentralized finance, NFTs, DAOs, peer-to-peer storage etc.
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