What makes a sound a “music note” vs being just a regular sound?
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A perfect single tone is a homogenous sound called a sin wave. Whether its a subwoofer bass tone or an annoying long beep its still a sin wave.
Now , you can match that high and low note on a trombone by pulling the slide towards you slow or fast. But what makes a trombone or anything else sound special is that when they are played they also vibrate at the double, triple, quadruple and up of the initial frequency in their own way. We call those the overtones.
A regular sound has a lots of frequencies that don’t double so they are perceived as less musical.
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