What makes different programming languages “better” than others? Or more powerful? Why have different languages developed over time? Are they all based on the same thing?
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This is a lot of questions so I’ll answer them one by one.
1) Usually programming languages aren’t universally better, they are just better for a specific task. There are multiple ways to make a language and they have the advantages and disadvantages. For example, you can make a programming language that is easier to read but it can be harder to code more complex things.
2) More powerful usually means the language can do more things. Less powerful languages can usually still do the same things, you just have to code it yourself. More powerful languages have it already built in.
3)Different languages are developed because of the fact they have different strengths and weaknesses. Like I mentioned in the first answer, different languages have different advantages so people develop new languages that are optimized for the specific task they want to use it for.
4) They are all based on machine language if that’s what you mean. There is a specific code that a computer actually runs on but it is complicated and hard to read. Most programming languages are then built on top of this. They create a system that uses words and symbols that humans can easily understand as a stand in for the machine language. This is the programming language. There is then a compiler that translates it into the language the computer directly understands.
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