The other 2 responses so far don’t answer your question.
Basically, if you eat less food, your body does 2 things; (1) increase nutrient extraction efficiency, and (2) lower the metabolic rate.
(1) the idea is that if you eat 1000 calories worth of food in 1 day, your body will likely extract over 990 calories worth of energy out of it. If you eat 10,000 calories worth of food in a day, your body might only extract 6000 calories of energy, which is wasteful if food is scarce.
(2) if your body is starving, it will shut down non-essential processes and conserve energy wherever it can, thereby lowering your calorie requirement. This is why cheat meals are very important in dieting
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