An IP address is a numeric address to identify a device on a network.
On your home network your computer and phone are assigned a local IP each when they connect to your router.
Your router will be assigned an IP when it connects to the internet.
When you visit a website using your computer connected through your router the website will see the router IP. Data is sent to that address then your router forwards it on to the appropriate device.
Imagine it like internal mail in an office. You can post something to the office (router) and the office then figures out which desk to get it to.
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