So the birthday paradox is where if you’re in a room with 23 other people there’s a 50% chance of at least two people having the same birthday. Alternatively, In a room of 75 there’s a 99.9% chance of at least two people matching.
Why is this?
In: 134
Another way to think about this is to imagine a dart board cut into 365 slices. You start throwing darts. The birthday paradox tells you that by the time you throw your 23rd dart, there’s a 50% chance that you’ll have hit the same segment twice.
The chance of hitting a unique segment every time for 75 throws is less than 1%, which gives the second bit.
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