The difference between east (northeast and south) and west is stark.
> As of 2015, 94% of China’s population live east of the line, in an area that is 43% of China’s total, whereas 57% of the Chinese territory found west of the line has but only 6% of the country’s population.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heihe%E2%80%93Tengchong_Line
The cause? Probably rainfall, or lack thereof, limiting agriculture.
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