The opposite is called super resolution in computer vision. I’ve used it in an iris recognition system but there’s a hard limit to how much information you can extract from a static neighbourhood of pixels in a single image.
In the iris recognition system we take say 10 pictures rapidly, each offset from the last by a tenth of a Pixel, and use a fancy algorithm to combine it into a picture 10x the resolution. This let’s us zoom in on your eye from a distance and identify who you are from 15-20m away. Scary!
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