12 is a very useful number. It can be divided by 2, 3, 4, and 6, whereas 10 for example can only be divided into 2 and 5. Being able to third and quarter something is very handy, which is why a lot of imperial measurements work that way – a foot is twelve inches instead of ten because a quarter foot and a third foot are whole numbers of inches. A mile is 5280 feet, which can be evenly divided by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, and more. Volume measurements go in 2s, 3s, and 4s. 3 teaspoons to the tablespoon, 16 tablespoons to a cup, so a cup can be divided by 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, etc into an integer number of tablespoons and teaspoons. And so forth.
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