1. The new US Government ***didn’t*** declare “this is the money we will use”. Before the Coinage Act of 1792, each US State issued its own currency. and the Spanish silver Dollar circulated widely (to such a degree that Spanish and Mexican currency was still legal tender in the US until the Coinage Act of 1857)
1. Predictably, since each state issued its own currency (and directly competed with other states economically), trade both inside the US and with foreign countries was ***a bit of a clusterfuck***. The economic woes created by the weakness of the Federal Government was one of the several causes for the abandonment of that government under the Articles of Confederation and the writing of the US Constitution, where the US Federal Government would control currency and trade
2. American citizens (and the rest of the world) accepted the new American dollar specifically because it was pegged to the value (since they contained the same amount of silver) of the Spanish silver dollar, which was one of the most widespread and commonly-accepted currencies in the world at the time.
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