So. My friends mom is a 911 operator.
Here’s how it works according to her.
Your house phone is attached to an area code. When you call that, it connects to the service that does call routing. It takes your area code and patches you to the nearest call center. 99% of the time it’s local. But, like during the riots last year, it was so busy, a small county had been answering calls and reporting it to our Police.
Now cell phones use two methods. The E911 service which bases it on cellular triangulation and GPS when available, followed by the attached area code.
The same method works except the having tracking tools to locate an active call.
Some 911 is a call center for all services, other times its for Police who then route the call to Fire or EMS.
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