Less dirt is being turned into iPhones, so companies have less to sell, so they make less money, so they have less to pay their employees, who have less money to buy iPhones.
The value of companies on the stock market is tied to how much people think they will make in the future. During a recession people are less optimistic about the future, so the stock value of many companies go down, so people who’s savings were partly made up of stocks temporarily lose big parts of their savings. If they can wait until the recession is over and the stock prices recover then no money is really lost. If you happen to need to retire during a recession and cant delay it a few years then you could lose a lot of value.
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