For common people, it gets hoarded. People hold onto their money and don’t spend it. Which in turn means businesses make less money and often increase prices to compensate and/or let staff go to stay profitable. Which means people lose jobs and can’t afford to buy things, which means less money back to businesses and it repeats.
There is a whole load of complicated things to do with businesses with changing interest rates and such that can have an impact too, but that’s beyond ELI5: The true answer really is:
The money doesn’t go anywhere, it just gets spread around less.
Less being spent, less wages being paid, less loans being paid off, more defaulting, more unemployment, in a big vicious circle until something breaks.
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