There are a plethora of reasons, I’m sure there are plenty of people who have dedicated their academic careers exploring the factors that go into the causes. Many of them have already been explained, but one I haven’t seen mentioned yet is women’s rights. It’s pretty much universal that as women get more rights (particularly reproductive rights) within a country, that country tends to become more economically (and culturally) stable.
Another issue is Brain Drain, a lot of high skilled labor is leaving Africa to western nations, when I was a kid my mom and her friend had a group of friends at the university and they were all from Ghana. There were some doctors, engineers, and computer scientists. They weren’t exchange students, they had doctorates and masters degrees but were getting certified to work in Canada.
They all still live here.
Brain drain is a serious issue for other countries, because not only are they dealing with corruption and education issues, they are losing all their talent hand over fist- talent that could turn things around in their country.
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