a business final customer can be people (the customer) or other business, that is known as b2c (business-to-customer) or b2b (business-to-business), so the business is the 1st party and the final customer is the 2nd party of this relationship, but business usually don’t produce all of their resources by itself, so they make deals with other business for supplies, services or collaboration, and as they are not their final customer, they are call the 3rd party in the whole relationship.
eli5: cocacola (1st party) sells coke to you (2nd party), but they need water and other resources to make it, so they buy it from others suppliers (3rd party)
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