Wood is cheap, plentiful, and easy to build with and transport. Very good strength/weight ratio compared to masonry.
A full masonry structure is enormously heavy and much more costly. Even most “brick” houses in the the US are “masonry facade” with a wooden frame.
You can get some cinderblock construction in hurricane bullseye zones along the gulf coast, other than that it’s almost entirely wood frame construction in the US.
Wood is much cheaper to build with in the US. It is possible for you to build two houses out of wood, for the price it would cost to make a single house out of bricks and mortar. As such, because in the overwhelming majority of cases wood is perfectly sufficient to make a house out of, it just makes sense economically.
While you may be seeing news reports about hurricanes and tornadoes destroying houses, those are powerful forces of nature that can also destroy houses made of bricks.
Availability of materials, ease of construction, and local climate.
Brick and mortar is much more expensive to produce and transport than wood. So in a comfortable climate with little to no reason for the greater protections of a stone dwelling it is difficult to convince a home buyer to spend a significant more on durable materials and construction when a wooden structure can be put up quickly and inexpensively.
Adding in here that wood construction is surprisingly mostly carbon neutral and holds that carbon for many decades in most cases. A single small plot of land can theoretically produce wood forever at near zero cost. Concrete is not great for the environment and there is a ton of CO2 and other gases involved in the production.
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