In order to survive, all living things have to consume energy. Certain organisms, like those from which we evolved from, consume energy by moving purposefully about their environment. One strategy for moving about the environment is to form a left side, and a symmetrical right side, which enables directional control. This is called “bilateral symmetry.” When the left side and right side work equally, the organism moves straight. For this to work most successfully, the organism needs the frontmost end in the center to sense where it’s going, quickly detect when it’s encountered something it can consume, and immediately detect when it’s encountered something dangerous. So these organisms will form “heads” at the front end, which contain all the apparatus most critical to performing those sensory functions. That evolutionary process is called “cephalization.”
The process of supplying nutrients to the rest of the organism’s bilateral body would mean the digestive organs and things that support them can distribute nutrients much more efficiently if they are located towards the middle of the body rather than towards one end.
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