Why are some wavelengths of EM radiation dangerous, and others not?

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As I understand it, the only real difference between radio, visible light, x-ray and everything in between is its wavelength. For instancew, radio has a very long wavelength, x-ray very short, visible in the middle somewhere. This means that radio can penetrate stuff (matter?) more effectively, among other things.

Radio waves are (essentially?) harmless, but shorter wavelengths are famously more dangerous, from sunburn all the way to straight up cancer and so forth. Why is that?

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Anonymous 0 Comments

A photon’s wavelength is inversely proportional to its frequency/energy. In other words, shorter wavelengths = more energy.

Energetic photons are dangerous to life because life relies on a vast ecosystem of delicate chemical compounds, which are held together by electromagnetic bonds between atoms. Photons impart electromagnetic energy, and too much of that energy will break these bonds. This can damage all manner of tissue in a living thing, most notably its DNA. If the DNA damage is extensive enough, that can lead to cancer or organ failure as cells can no longer properly replicate and replace themselves.

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