During development your organs and tissues are separated into distinct areas called “germ layers.” We separate them into 3 primary sections called the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
The ectoderm makes skin and nerves.
The mesoderm makes muscles and tendons.
The endoderm makes internal organs and digestive system.
These three sections aren’t completely distinct. Your mouth is derived from cells that came from both the ectoderm and endoderm.
Your tongue however is primarily from the endoderm. And so is your anus and rectum. Though there is a gradient of ectodermal derived cells making up your anus as it transitions to your skin.
One thing about these germ layers that distinguish them from each other is how they express different genes. Germ layers share much commonality here.
Thus, the same mechanisms that allow your tongue such sensitivity are in a varying degree present in the cells that make up your rectum and anus.
And that is why your ass melts the next day after you say “5, no. Not a white person 5.” At the Thai restaurant when they ask how spicy you want your dish.
There is no benefit. It is just a consequence of endoderm derived tissues needing to be sensitive for eating food, knowing when you need to pee, knowing when you need to poop.
Edit: and seriously though. I’m almost positive that Thai restaurant was truly just testing me to see how much I could handle. I remember microwaving leftovers the next day and my Chinese room mate who usually made the most fragrant dishes sticking his head into the kitchen and just saying “Why?”
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