Smallpox for example and Polio (almost)
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Smallpox was exclusively a human disease. (Yes, cowpox & monkeypox are cousins.) We “only” had to get enough people on Earth vaccinated [decades], then vaccinate *around* sick people for a while, before it ran out of places to live.
That’s called ring vaccination – everyone nearby the patient who hasn’t already been vaccinated or had smallpox is vaccinated. Works best in a small-town atmosphere as opposed to a city.
The World Health Organization had teams that would fly to areas of reported smallpox to vaccinate.
Things like “the common cold” or “the flu” change quickly and substantially, plus can have animal hosts (bird flu, swine flu).
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