Why are we not already able to “instant-charge” EVs, smartphones or other batteries?
In: Physics
Batteries have an internal resistance. When electricity moves through resistance it generates heat. The more electricity you move, the more heat is generated.
One of the main limiters on battery charging is heat. Charge a battery too fast and it will over-heat. That results in fires or explosions.
To instant charge a battery we either need to be able to dissipate the heat very quickly or reduce the internal resistances so they don’t generate as much heat. Developing that capability is an area of significant research right now.
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