Scientist here. As many have already said: we aren’t certain in the least. One of them isn’t even a requirement here on Earth.
There are microbes that cannot exist in oxygen. It’ll kill them. There are microbes that exist in harsh environments. Look up Lake Bonney in Antarctica. That is one weird biome.
And, there is life that subsists on chemicals vented from the Earth instead of sunlight. Areas around hydrothermal vents, for example.
All life on Earth needs water, though. Water has some incredible properties that few other materials have. That’s why we tend to think of life needing water to exist.
Latest Answers