Why can police radios transmit over long distances even though the transmitter is very small?

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Like a police officer’s handheld radio is able to transmit to another unit let’s say 10 miles away, and he’s able to do that with ease. How is this possible? How come handheld radios that we have access to can’t do that? I know this probably sounds dumb to most of ya’ll but

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>Like a police officer’s handheld radio is able to transmit to another unit let’s say 10 miles away, and he’s able to do that with ease.

The infrastructure will vary by the department and the geography they operate in, but the simple answer is: They use a device called a repeater to retransmit their signal to dispatch. For urban environments, the repeater is located in their car and is only moderately more powerful than their handheld radios. Here is one example:
[https://www.motorolasolutions.com/en_us/products/two-way-radios/project-25-radios/mobile-radios/dvr-lx.html](https://www.motorolasolutions.com/en_us/products/two-way-radios/project-25-radios/mobile-radios/dvr-lx.html)

Rural policing will have fixed repeaters located throughout the region at strategic locations – often atop towers, mountains, or high hills.

> How is this possible? How come handheld radios that we have access to can’t do that? I know this probably sounds dumb to most of ya’ll but

We can and do! HAM radio operators have repeaters located across the world that you can connect to and reach a wider region. For example, a repeater on a nearby mountain in Vancouver can reach Seattle WA with some regularity. The combination of power (25Watts) height, and antenna allow it to transmit further than a handheld radio at 5 Watts.

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