Why can small engines make high horsepower, but almost never high torque?

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So I am aware of the existence of high specific output engines like in the Honda S2000 or Ferraris, but one common criticism those cars tend to have is their lack of torque. Why does it seem so difficult for these engines to make more torque as well?

In: Engineering

8 Answers

Anonymous 0 Comments

In a word. Leverage.

High torque engines use longer throws on their crankshaft, which allows the pistons to exert more leverage on the crank as they fire.

High revving, short stroke engines such as those you mentioned have to keep everything more compact because at such high speeds everything is under a tremendous amount of stress, if you tried to make a high torque engine such as one out of a semi rev the same as a Ferrari, it would fly apart because the materials simply don’t have the strength to hold together.

So, because a short stroke engine can’t exert as much leverage on the crank, it cannot generate high torque.

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