To the first part of your question, it takes 5-7 brand impressions to produce awareness & recall, and that’s the absolute minimum. Marketers know this and simply structure their campaigns as such — although the smart ones use frequency caps which will limit the number of times you see an add in a given timeframe, which saves money and helps to not piss the user off as much.
Regarding why you’re seeing ads for products/services you already own/subscribe to… the main reason is most ad algorithms/platforms simply don’t know you’re a customer. That is considered backend info and lives behind the walls of the advertisers systems/CRM. There are some integrations between those and ad systems, for example using suppression lists (to address this very issue), but they are limited and can get thrown off easily (I.e. switch from laptop to phone or Chrome to Safari, and it loses the data point that associates you with being a customer and bam.. more ads).
Finally, at the end of the day it’s a #’s game and ad budgets are huge (in the multi millions of dollar range as a standard). Marketers know a certain % of their ad spend will be wasted on advertising to ppl who will never buy, existing customers, bots, etc. but the upside from the ads that do reach the target audience is so big that it makes it worthwhile.
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