I guess what about having extra pistons makes mpg worse vs. 1.8L, 2.5L, 3.5L, etc.?
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Most 4 cylinder engines are inline. AFAIK only Ford built and mass marketed a V4 in Europe – and Saab used some of them as well to replace their two strokes, being a short engine. To answer your question, you can make a V6 as small as you want, it’s still more expensive than an inline 4. Think two cylinder heads instead of one. The 4 will also be more flexible from a manufacturing standpoint as you can fit it in various models, from subcompact to full size, have it non turbo, single turbo or biturbo, hybrid, Atkinson ycle, whatever.
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