Some countries produce too much electricity at a certain period of the year, and have to pay another country to get rid of their extra own unconsumed electricity. Why can’t a power plant produce more electricity than consumed, what’s the physical obstacle to do so?
Also, what will the receiving country do if this surplus of electricity is again not consumed entirely?
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I’m not aware of any countries paying to export energy as a long term strategy. That sounds like an extremely niche scenario, as the obvious answer is to just stop producing.
Production always has to match demand or bad things happen. Essentially the system becomes unstable and either crashes or blows itself up.
You can control production pretty easily. Controlling demand is very hard, you’d need rolling blackouts or massive heaters you can quickly switch in to eat (waste) the power. You can control it a little by exporting to another country, who may be able to control their production better than you can
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