They can. I have spending alerts on one of my credit cards and when I’m getting fast food my phone usually chimes with the alert before they can even hand me the food.
When I pay my credit card bills the debit clears my bank in a few seconds. Can click pay on the credit card page and refresh on the online banking page and the transaction has already cleared.
Because the older systems behind payment cannot do it instantly, and no one feels the need to change to the newer ones because the old ones work well enough for those companies that use them.
There is a lot of old stuff in banking that they don’t change because it works and it would cost money to change it to something else.
There are a few reasons, but mostly speculation:
1. There is a time period in which funds are “available” but not transferred. The system, built a long, long time ago, did “batch” transactions, typically in the evening hours. Everything would be collected and then run through at one time. This ancient system still has its tentacles in today’s world.
2. Banks realized that they can earn a very small amount of interest on the float–the time between your money “leaving” your account, and the money leaving the bank. The amount is so small per transaction, you’d never notice across your lifetime. However, multiply this amount by the millions of daily transactions, and the bank can make a few bucks extra this way.
3. Merchants make crazy money from late fees, penalties, and interest. So, the money leaves your account, but you don’t get credit for a few days and…maybe 1 in 10 times it’s a late fee, or a few day’s extra interest, or a penalty rate. Multiply that times millions of customers, and it’s some real money.
4. There’s some time to investigate fraud and error, in case you were hacked or made a mistake. It’s a million times easier to claw back a transaction if it’s in limbo vs already completed (if you’re a bank, if you’re a mortal, you get to call an 800 customer care line that will politely invite you to self copulate.)
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