Say for example a 125cc motorcycle with 6 gears has a top speed of about 75mph, why can’t they make it with 7 gears and surely that’d increase the top speed?
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That is assuming that the engine redlines at top speed with the current gear. Or at least is above its top horsepower speed. Having another gear will then put the engine speed back into a better range which will prodcue a bit more force to accelerate. However you get quite a bit of deminishing returns the higher gears you have. The problem is usually not that the engine speed is too high at the top gear and top speed but rather that the air resistance and the rolling resistance is too high at the top speed so that the engine is not able to overcome all this resistance and produce enough energy to accelerate. However if you were to upgrade the engine, either put in a 250cc engine or tune the existing engine a lot, you may get higher top speed with an extra gear.
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