They’re obligated to render assistance.
Under UNCLOS, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, there is a duty to render aid to a vessel in distress. Normally this is pretty mundane, a freighter helping a stranded sailboat for instance, but it also applies to submersibles as well.
Unlike surface rescue, submarine rescue can’t be done by just anybody, so the nearest aid may require multinational coordination and globe-spanning assets.
Who pays at the end of the day is a problem for lawyers and insurance companies, but every mariner knows of the duty to render aid and will go to almost extreme levels to assist.
So many countries actually was :
– Canada because the Titanic is right outside of their territorial waters. They’re simply the closest country and are bound by international agreements to help.
– USA because an American company is involved.
That’s it.
The US Navy apparently [asked the French](https://www.ifremer.fr/fr/presse/le-navire-oceanographique-atalante-et-son-equipage-se-sont-deroutes-pour-porter-assistance) for help but the wreckage was found the day after the call.
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