Brightness range. Our eyes can percieve a wide range of brightness level, we can process an “image” where some parts are literally thousands of times brighter than others. Monitors need to compress this to 256 values from “completely black” to “completely white”. Most cheap cameras also cannot capture such a wide range, they need to lower or raise the total amount of light that gets inside them.
However, modern cameras can provide better dynamic range than monitors, some compression is already performed.
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