Bandwidth explanations are going very well, but I would add one other effect: a popular site you might be trying to reach. Suppose the site is good at handling 1000 requests at a time (not realistic number, but good enough for this purpose), but something has made them very very interesting to the internet and lots and lots of requests are coming in all at once.
Picture this as a very large Wendy’s that can handle 1000 cars at once. But today, for some reason, 5000 requests are coming at once, and behind them are another 5000, and behind them another…. The lines are going to back up. They’ll keep managing their 1000 requests at a time, maybe even a few more, but they just can’t keep up with all the customers.
This situation resolves only after enough people realize they aren’t going to get their 50-cent-off hamburger and go away.
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