Recently installed some lights that are sunk in the ground. They had connections for the earthing / ground cable, which I did connect and test to be sure. But I would like to understand why this is required in the first place given that the lamps are literally in the earth. Thanks.
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You don’t want to ground something at the surface. The ground cable connects deeper into the ground to make sure the current is dissipated where it can’t harm people.
If you ground something right at the surface you get a voltage profile in the surrounding soil wich might hurt someone standing there (depending on a bunch of factors from humitity to the distance between their feet).
So the lamp itself would certainly be grounded, but in case of a fault (short to ground) you might cause harm.
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