Most of these systems are not intentional. Before the age of Internet with immediate access to a national database there was a danger of different offices registering cars under the same license as they did not know it was already issued. To prevent this license plates would be handed out in blocks based on a system to each registering office. Some countries issued large blocks to each office which would last them forever, for some values of forever. Others issued smaller blocks when needed and went sequentially, or at least systematically. So they did not intend for the license plate numbers to have any sort of meaning, it was just a convenient way to prevent double registrations on the same license plate.
However the information is used a lot by police and other officials. Just looking at a cars plates gives a lot of information which can be useful for determining if it is worth investigating more. For example an out of town plate on a car parked in spot which requires a residential permit might be worth checking out. Or an old license plate on a newer car might be a stolen plate. Some countries have also issued special EV license plates and similar for electric vehicles to make it easy to enforce parking and lane restrictions on those.
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